(Veterinary Gynaecology | General Informations)
Gynaecology- Study of female reproductive system
Andrology- Study of male reproductive system
Types of animals based on estrous cycle-
(1) Monoestrous animals: Bitch, wild animals
(2) Polyestrous animals: Cow, Sow
(3) Seasonal polyestrous animals are two types- Long day breeder. Mare, cat
Short day breeder: Sheep, goat, buffalo, camel
Estrous cycle & estrus phase (heat period) of various animals
Animal
Length of estrous.cycle in Cattle -21 days
Length of estrous. cycle in Mare -21 days
Length of estrous. cycle in Sow - 21 days
Veterinary Gynaecology | General Informations
Gynaecology- Study of female reproductive system
Andrology- Study of male reproductive system
Types of animals based on estrous cycle-(Veterinary Gynaecology | General Informations)
| (1) Monoestrous animals: Bitch, wild animals |
| (2) Polyestrous animals: Cow, Sow |
| (3) Seasonal polyestrous animals are two types- Long day breeder. Mare, cat |
Short day breeder: Sheep, goat, buffalo, camel
Estrous cycle & estrus phase (heat period) of various animals
Animal /Veterinary Gynaecology | General Informations
Length of estrous.cycle in Cattle -21 days
Length of estrous. cycle in Mare -21 days
Length of estrous. cycle in Sow - 21 days
Length of estrous. cycle in She-camel -23 days
Length of estrous in Ewe- 17 days
Length of estrous cycle in Doe- 19 days
Length of estrous cycle in Bitch- 6-7 months
Length of estrus phase (heat period)/Veterinary Gynaecology | General Informations
Length of estrus phase (heat period) in cattle- 12-24 hr
Length of estrus phase (heat period) in mare -6 days
Length of estrus phase (heat period) in sow - 2-2.5 days
Length of estrus phase (heat period) in she-camel -5 days
Length of estrus phase (heat period) in ewe -36 hr
Length of estrus phase (heat period) in doe- 48 hr
Length of estrus phase (heat period) in bitch- 9 days
Types of placenta /Veterinary Gynaecology | General Informations
1. Diffused ,epitheliochorial- Horse ,Pig, Camel
2. Cotyledononary, Epitheliochorial/ Syndesmochorial- Ruminants
3. Zonary Placenta, Endotheliochorial- Bitch,Cat
4. Discodial Placenta , Haemochorial -Human, monkey, rodents
syndesmochorial in -sheep and goats
epitheliochorial in cattle and buffalo
terminology related to ruminant placentation-
Cotyledon ; fetal side of placenta
caruncle; maternal side of placenta
placentome; a cotyledon and caruncle together
Gestation period in /Veterinary Gynaecology | General Informations
cattle - 283 days
buffalo- 310 days
sheep - 145 days
goat -155 days
bitch- 62 days
sow- 114 days
mare- 341 days
she-camel- 390 days
rabbit- 32-35 days
cat 56 -64 days
Stage of gestation in bovines/Veterinary Gynaecology | General Informations
1. period of ovam - fertilization to 10-12 days of pregnancy
2. period of embryo- 13 to 45 days of pregnancy
heart is formed and starts beating 22nd day of pregnancy
3. period of fetus- 45 days onwards untill birth
differintation of organs and systems
site of fertilization-
1. in birds- infundibulum
2. in domestic animals- ampullary -isthmic junction of the oviduct
stage of parturition -
first stage- dilation of the cervix
second stage- delivery of the newborn (birth)
third stage- expulsion of fetal membarnes and involution of uterus
first stage ( hours) - 1-4 in mare, 2-6 in acttle buffalo, wew, 2-12 in sow
second stage (hours)- 0.2 -0.5 in mare, 0.5-1.0in cattle ,buffalo., 0.5-2.0 in ewe, 2.5-3.0in sow
third stage (hours)- 1 in mare, 6-12 in cattle buffalo, 5-8 in ewe, 1-4 in sow
methods of artificial insemination in varios animals/Veterinary Gynaecology | General Informations
1. cattle and buffalo- rectovaginal method
2. sheep and goat- vaginal speculum method
3. swine - corkscrew pipette method
4. mare - vaginal method
pregnancy diagnosis in animals-
1. cattle and buffalo- rectal method
2. sheep and goat - abdominal palpation
3. she-camel- cocking of tail , rectal palaption
4. mare- cuboni test and aschheim -zondek test
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